Времена
| Прямая речь | Косвенная речь | Пример |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | Past Simple | "I work here." → He said he worked there. |
| Present Continuous | Past Continuous | "I am reading." → She said she was reading. |
| Present Perfect | Past Perfect | "I have finished." → He said he had finished. |
| Present Perfect Continuous | Past Perfect Continuous | "I have been waiting." → She said she had been waiting. |
| Past Simple | Past Perfect | "I saw him." → She said she had seen him. |
| Past Continuous | Past Perfect Continuous | "I was sleeping." → He said he had been sleeping. |
| Past Perfect | без изменений | "We had met before." → He said they had met before. |
| am / is / are going to | was / were going to | "I am going to win." → He said he was going to win. |
Past Perfect Continuous тоже не меняется. Past Simple и Past Continuous в разговоре часто оставляют как есть, если и так ясно, что событие было раньше: He said he was born in 1990.
Модальные глаголы
| Прямая речь | Косвенная речь | Пример |
|---|---|---|
| will | would | "I will help." → He said he would help. |
| can | could | "I can swim." → She said she could swim. |
| may | might | "I may be late." → He said he might be late. |
| must | had to или must | "You must stay." → She said I had to stay. |
| shall (о будущем) | would | "I shall return." → He said he would return. |
| Shall I…? | should | "Shall I help?" → She asked if she should help. |
| would, could, might, should | без изменений | "You should rest." → She said I should rest. |
Must в значении «наверное» не меняется, may в значении разрешения обычно становится could.
Указатели времени и места
| Прямая речь | Косвенная речь | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| now | then, at that moment | тогда, в тот момент |
| today | that day | в тот день |
| tonight | that night | в тот вечер |
| yesterday | the day before, the previous day | накануне |
| tomorrow | the next day, the following day | на следующий день |
| last week | the week before, the previous week | неделей раньше |
| next week | the following week | на следующей неделе |
| two days ago | two days before | двумя днями раньше |
| here | there | там |
| this, these | that, those | тот, те |
Если пересказываете в тот же день и в том же месте, указатели можно не менять.